Wall construction



Jan, 26, 1932. A. GIULIANI WALL v CONSTRUCTION Fild Nov "f, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l @MIL TME- IICIL 24 24 Z4 @f 2f; E

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@16N G0. INC., 0F NEW YORK, 'N.

WALL CONSTRUUIION Application filed November 7, 1929. Serial No. 405,356.

My invention relates to building wall oonstruction intended for use on wells of buildings, or partitions between rooms of such buildings. A l

The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction oi well structure which comprises building up a wall or partltion ot blocks or slabs of concrete, cement, terre cotta or similar material, the blocks embracing beams placed et regular intervals elong the line upon which the wall or partition is to be constructed, end being secured tie rods.

A further object oi the invention is to provide a construction which will eliminate the necessity oi plestering, stuccoing, or otherwise finishing a wall or partition, thus reducing the price of building construction, particularly by the factor of labor and time Seyed.

A still further object of the invention is to provide n durable construction of wall structure and to provide an easy method oi replacing portions of the wall which have become deteriorated.

T he invention consists in the building up 0:? n wall or partition, particular shape und structure, placed between beums uniformly placed along the line upon which the wall or partition is to be constructed, the blocks being built up to embrace said beams und being connected thereto by ineens oi suitable bolts passing through said blocks and said beams. rllhe faces or" the building blocks when superimposed upon euch other according. to the method hereinafter described to the full height of the wm will thus iorm a smooth continuous surface.

ln the accompanying drawings which illusn `trate various modifications of my invention,

Fig. l illustrates in perspective, one form oi block to be used in my improved wall construction, the bloclr being mede of concrete or other similar composition, the face of which lies u substantial thicbiess end ,is backed by iiunges et its end portions.

Fig. 2 shows the same block in perspective but viewed from the rear.

Fig. 3 illustrates e, `block to be used in of blocks or bricks of accordance with my invention as e corner' block.

Fig. 4 illustrates'in partly sectional detail a portion of my improved construction with a number of the blocks matched to form my improved wall construction.

Fig. -5 shows a preferred form oi bloeit; Fig.` 6 avrear view of the seme' Fig. 'l' a preferred form of corner or end bloeit.

Fig-8 shows a still further 'modied form of block structure Fig. 9 the manner of superposing blocks of the type shown in Figs. 5 to together and to said beams by means oi 7 with a. rod illustrated in Fig. l0 therebetween.

hig. l1 shows the manner in which e, well of a building, such as e garage, is built from the blocks and tie beams oi' my improved construction; Fig. 12y a horizontal section or? the walls of the building shown in liig. il.

Fig. 13 is a partly sectional view of the tie rod or bolt used to 'join the blocks together and to the beams.

Fig. '14 illustrates further the manner of building up a partition *from my improved blocks and beams; Fig. l5 a horizontal crosssection of the partition illustrated in Fig. 14 with the manner in which the bloclrs in accordance with my improved construction may be positioned at points where two wells meet.

Fig. 16 illustrates the manner in which my invention muy be utilized in the building up of e door.

Fig. 17 shows a modiication or the type tie rod or bolt illustrated in lig. i3; Eig. a further modification of the seme.

liig. 19 is a section along lines A--B ci? llig. lil.

Reerrmg more particularly to the dre ings, the briclr 2O is a. rectangular bloei: ing parallel end surfeces from esci; en which a shoulder 2l projects to form which may be described es narrower .lo backing the rectangular shaped pori. n 522. 'lhe flanges 2l. are upprouimutely one third the width oi3 the portion 22. When the two blocks illustrated in l and 2 are matched to Yorm contiguous Y`-oi a wall construction in eccordence with my invention, the flanges 2l thereof engage yrespective en d surfaces of the main portions tition being built, s aced at Ire ular Intervals together of two walls along the line on w ich the wa l is to be built in the manner clearly appearing from F1g. 4. The beam 23 is likewise about one-th1rd the thickness of the brick 20 so that when the two flanges 21 of two adjacent bricks embrace such beam, the surfaces of such adlacent bricks will present a smooth continuous plane. The bricks 20 are provided at the centers of each of the flanges 21` with apertures 24 cooperating with apertures of the same s1ze and drilled or bored into the beams 23 at intervals along its length corresponding to the horizontal center lines ofthe blocks 20. Through the apertures 24 and the corresponding apertures in the beams atie rod or bolt 25 1s passed so that the bricks 20 and the beams 23 are joined by such tie rod or bolt as shown in Fig. 4. The blocks 20 are intended to fit closely against the beams 23 and the blocks are superimposed upon eachother along the vertical colpmn to the full height of `the wall, so that when the wall is complete there will be a smooth continuous surface over the Whole space of the finished wall. As the bricks are constructed in standard sizes and beams manufactured to fit such standard sizes, no-

difliculty will be encountered in properly locating the apertures in the flanges of the bricks or those`along they length of the cooperating beams.

l In Fig. 3 is illustrated a form of brick 26 which is designed to form a cornery block, the construction of which uilt in accordance with my invention at right angles and without disrupting the manner or method of building up such wall as hereinbefore described. The corner block 26 comprises a main portion 27 and two flange portions 28 and 29 at right angles to each other and at diagonal corners of themain portion 27 which come in contact with the wall structures meeting at the points where such corner block is to be .oeated. The block 26 is also provided with apertures 24 in each of its flanges 28 and 29, which apertures are located so as to cooperate with the apertures in the beams which such corner blocks engage. v

In order to obtain a closer union between superimposed blocks, I have rovided 4an ximproved or preferable form of Block illustrated in Figs. 5 to 7. Such blocks are provided with channels 30 and 31 at the centers of their longitudinal edges into which in the course of constructing the wall may be placed metal rods 32 illustrated in Fig. 10, so as to make the joint between two superimposed layers of blocks air-tight. This construction is particularly important in the building up of walls, such as those of a bungalow, garage, etc., in open country where protection against ermits the coming b wind or rain lgetting inside 'bhp buildin l through ossib e cracks at .the Jointure o such bloc (s is necessary. Fig. 9 illustrates more clearly the manner in which the rod 32 is placed between superimposed bricks.

lIn order to reduce the cost of construction and also to reduce the weight of my improved building block, I provide the preferable form thereof with interior spaces or yholes .33 as shown in Fig. 8, of any form, running preferably the width 'of said blocks. These spaces, when the wall has been built up, cooperate with similar spaces running through superimposed blocks so that a convenient space within the wall structure is provided for electric wiring, gas or water piping, etc., the spaces 33 forming very desirable conduits for such wires or piping.

In Fig. 1'1 I have illustrated an entire side of a building built in accordance with my invention. In constructing a building such 'for instance as a garage, or a bungalow it 1s customary to make a foundation therefor of concrete, Steel girders or similar frame structure. Horizontal supporting glrders 34 to support the flooring of such a building vare then placed upon such foundation 35, wooden beams 36 being preferably provided along the edges of the concrete or similar foundation. In accordance with my invention the beams 23 `are then erected upon the line along which the wall is to be constructed at regular spaced intervals, depending upon thesize of the bricks to be used in building the wall. The blocks 20 are then positioned as shown and as hereinefore described in alternate order, so that their flanges embrace the beams 23 and the apertures 24 of the blocks and the beams cooperate to receive the tie rod or bolt 37. When theffour walls of the building have thus been built up the roof 38 may be placed or built upon the structure in any wellknown manner.

ner in which such partition wall may be made to meet another wall built in accordance with my invention and at right -angles thereto. The joining of two such walls may accom-1' plished either as is shown at the left of Fig. 15 by means of the corner block 26 being placed immediately adjacent the face of a full brick 20 of the meeting wall or as is shown at the right-hand end of Fig. 15, by the meeting of three end blocks in the manner shown. The form of meeting structure used will be dependent upon the space between two parallel walls in which space a partition is to be built.

In Figs. 16 and 19 I have illustrated the a-pplication of my improved construction to a door which has a frame 39 and vertical beams 'to a threaded hole 44 nee-asas or posts 40 similar to the beams 23 of my wall construction spaced along regular intervals within the frame. The bricks made in accordance with my invention may then be placed within the 'frame to cooperate with the said beams in like manner as the building up of a wall as hereinabove described.

vVarious forms ot the tie rod or bolt 37 are illustrated in the dra-Wings. lin Fig. 13is shown a tie rod made in two portions 41 and 42, the portion 42 having a 'threaded neck portion 43 which is adapted to be screwed inoi the part 41. The threaded neck portion 43 may be constructed independently of the portion 42 so that a .turning of the head 45 of such neck portion will serve to lock the portion 42 into position against the face ot the concrete block'. As a smooth outer surface of a Wall construction is desirable and in fact most necessary, the ends of the apertures 24 in tlanges 2l, which are adjacent the outer faces thereof, should be countersunk to receive the two heads ot the bolt 37, so as to preserve the even smooth suri'ace of the Wall. ln Figs; 17 and i8 l have shown two modiiied forms of tie rod or ooit which may be used in conjunction Twith a door which has been built up in accordance with my invention. These modiiied forms oi bolt have heads which are not designed to be ncountersunk Within the surface oi2 the brick but on the contrary. are designed to stand out trom the surface thereof so as to present appearance oi' ruggedness and strength. is obvious that while L have described the composition oi" improved building blocks as concrete, cement, terra cotta, etc., such blocks may be made also oi wood, when a temporary structure, such as a bazaar buildf ing, bungalow, or fence. is sought to be erected, or when it is desirable to have a building which may be put up or disassembled in very short time. lt is likewise obvious that the blocks may be made of any size, considerable latitude even in the shape thereof being intended to be still within the scope and spirit of my invention,

lt is to be noted that an important feature of my invention is the simplicity of the structure and the easy manner in which a building `built in accordance therewith may be put up. The use of blocks cooperating with bea-ms joined together by means of tie rods through apertures in said blocks and bricks in the manner hereinabove described presents a particularly facile manner of construction as the bricks are made somewhat self-adjusting, i. e. adjust themselves to their proper positions with respect to each other and the beam by the use of the tie bolt.

lit is obvious that my invention is applicable to the construction of oors and roofs of buildings in which case the beams and blocks would be disposed horizontally. As l re- 1 gard such a structure the equivalent of my Wall construction', being in fact, no more than a wall in a position other than the vertical, I have not described such iooring or roofing in the specification, or shown the same in the drawings.

I claim: j

1. in a building wall construction, the combination, with upright supporting members suitably spaced along the line on which the Wallis to be built, of molded blocks having a substantial thickness and flanged portions at their ends to embrace said upright supporting members when said blocks are positioned closely against the upright supporting members in a manner to present alternate faces thereoi2 in one direction, said blocks and upright supporting being provided with apertures in each of said anges and along the length of the supportingl member respectively, and tierods passing through said apertures securely fastening said blocks to said upright supporting members. l

2. In a building wall construction, the combination, with upright supporting menibers suitably spaced along the line on which the wall is to be built, ot molded blocks having a substantial thickness and ianged portions at their ends to embrace said upright supporting members when said blocks are positioned closely against the beams in a manner to present alternate iaces thereoiE in one direction, and tie-rods securing said blocks to said upright supporting members along the length thereof.

3. in a. building wall construction, the combination, with upright supporting niembers suitably spaced along the line on which the wall is to be built, of molded blocks having a substantial thickness and ianged portions at their ends to embrace said beams when said blocks are positioned with their end portions adjacent the upright supporting members so that the beams are entirely surrounded by said end and flanged portions and in a manner to present alternate faces thereof in one direction, said blocks and upright supporting members being provided with apertures in each of said flanges and along Ithe length of the beam, respectively,

and tie-rods passing through said apertures members upright l il n securely fastening said blocks to said upright supporting members.

4. Building wall construction as claimed in claim 2 in which the blocks are provided with holes running the width thereof superposed blocks having similar and cooperating apertures to form a conduit within the wall structure adapted to accommodate electric wires, gas piping or the like.

5. Building wall construction as claimed in claim 2 in which the tie-rods comprise bolts made in two portions secured together by a threaded neck projecting from one o i= said portions and adapted to be screwed into a threaded seat provided therefor within the l second portion.v

6. Building wall construction as claimed in claim 2 in which the Han ed portions of 5 the molded block and the upright supporting member are each of a width equal to onethird the width of the whole block.

7. Building wall construction as claimed in claim '2 in which the flanged portions of m the molded blocks and the upright supporting members engaged thereby are of equal thickness.

8. Building wall construction as claimed in claim 2 in which the tie-rods comprise bolts made in two portions in threaded engagement with each other, the heads of said bolts being countersunk into the molded blocks lto present a smooth outer wall surface.

. 9. Building wallconstruction as claimed in claim 2 in which the blocks are provided with channels along the centers of their longitudinal edges adapted to receive a rod, so as to make the -joint between two superimposed blocks air-tight. v

10. The combination, with. vertically disposed upright supporting members, of a series of molded blocks having a substantial thickness and a back of 'narrower and longer blocks to form with said first mentioned im blocks flanged units embracing said upright supporting members when positioned against said beams in a manner to present alternate faces of said flanged units in one direction, and tie-rods passing through. said flanged portions and the upright vsupporting members engaged thereby to securely fasten said blocks to said upright supporting members.

11. vA temporar structure capable of.v being d'isassembl .without injury to the 4o units comprising the same', said structure consisting .of a multiplicity of upright supporting members spaced apart, said uprig t members bein rigid and self-supporting, a multi licity o like blocks intermediate said uprig ts, each block comprising a body portion and a. flanged portion, the flange portion being of less width than the body portion, the fianges of said flanged portion bein matched by the overlapping of the ianges o adjacent blocks, the flanges, by reason of their relative thinness with respect to the body portion, providin a space between matched flanges for sai upright. 4

VALFRED GIULIANI. 

